I te ao o ngā mahi ahumahi pāmahana teitei, he mea tino nui te kimi i ngā rauemi ātete pono e kaha ana ki te tu atu i te wera nui, te horo matū, me te pakaru miihini.uku whakarewa, he mea whakarewa ātete kounga teitei me te uku hei here matua, kua puta hei otinga matua mō ngā ahumahi maha. Nā tōna huinga ahurei o te pakari, te ngāwari ki te mahi, me te whai huatanga o te utu, he mea nui tēnei i roto i ngā āhuatanga e kore e taea te whiriwhiri i te mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga uaua. Kei raro nei, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā tono matua o te mea whakarewa uku e akiaki ana i tōna rongonui puta noa i ngā rāngai ahumahi o te ao.
Ko tētahi o ngā whakamahinga matua o te uku whakarewa kei roto i te umanga whakarewa, te pou tuarā o te hanga taumaha. I roto i te hanga maitai, he whānuitia te whakamahinga hei whakakī i ngā koko, ngā tundish, me ngā oma oumu pupuhi. Ka pāngia tonutia ēnei wāhanga e te maitai rewa (tae atu ki te 1,500°C, neke atu rānei) me te ru wera nui i te wā e whakarewahia ana me te kawe. Ko te pumau pāmahana teitei o te uku whakarewa ka ārai i te pakaru me te whakarerekētanga, ka whakarite i te pumau o ngā taputapu me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā turuturu. Waihoki, i roto i te whakarewa kore-ferrous - pērā i te konumohe, te parahi, me te hanga konutea - ka whakakī i ngā oumu whakarewa me ngā tāke pupuri. Ko tōna ātete ki te waikura whakarewa rewa me te whakaeke para ka roa ake te ora o ēnei rawa nui, ka whakaiti i te wā kore mahi mō te tiaki me te whakakapinga.
He nui hoki te whakawhirinaki o te umanga hanga karāhe ki te uku whakarewa mō āna tukanga uaua. Ka mahi ngā oumu whakarewa karāhe i ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 1,600°C, ā, ka nui te ahotea matū me te wera o te karāhe rewa ki ngā arai o te oumu. Ka whakamahia te uku whakarewa hei whakarārangi i ngā pakitara o te oumu, i ngā karauna, me ngā kaiwhakaora, hei ārai pakari i te wera nui me ngā rewa karāhe waikura. Ko tōna kaha ki te pupuri i te hanganga pai mō ngā wā roa o te mahi tonu ka whakarite i te kounga karāhe pumau, ā, ka whakaiti i ngā aukati whakaputa. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia i roto i ngā taputapu hanga karāhe pērā i ngā pokepoke me ngā awaawa, ā, ko tōna ātete ki te kakahu ka ārai i ngā hapa mata o ngā hua karāhe whakamutunga.
I roto i te rāngai hinu me te whakamahine, he mahi nui tā te uku whakarewa i roto i ngā tukanga e pā ana ki ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā rauemi kaha. Ka whakakīia ki ngā oumu pakaru, ngā kaihanga hou, me ngā tauhohenga whakaterenga, e mahi ana i ngā pāmahana tae atu ki te 1,200°C, ā, ka whakahaere i ngā hau waikura, ngā hinu, me ngā whakaterenga. Ko te ātete o te rauemi ki te horo matū mai i ngā hauwaiwai, ngā waikawa, me ngā kawakore ka tiaki i ngā taputapu mai i te pirau, ka whakarite kia haumaru, kia whai hua hoki te mahi. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā whakapuru poiha me ngā paipa hau para i roto i ngā tipu hiko, ka ātete ki ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā matūriki whakakoi e haria ana e ngā hau para, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te pūngao me te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki.
Ka whai hua te umanga sima me ngā rauemi hanga i te maha o ngā whakamahinga o te uku whakarewa i roto i ngā pūnaha oumu. Ka mahi ngā oumu hurihuri sima i ngā pāmahana tata ki te 1,450°C, me te whakaraerae i te arai ki te wera nui, te pānga miihini mai i ngā rauemi mata, me te whakaeke matū mai i ngā matū kawakore me te whanariki. Ka whakamahia te uku whakarewa ki te anga oumu, te rohe tahu, me ngā awhiowhio whakamahana-mua, ka whakarato i tētahi paparanga pakari me te ātete-wera e whakarei ake ana i te pai o te oumu me te whakaroa i tōna roanga mahi. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā oumu raima me ngā oumu uku, i reira ka taea e tōna ngāwari te whakarewa ki ngā āhua uaua, e urutau ana ki te hoahoa ahurei o ia wāhanga oumu.
I tua atu i ēnei ahumahi matua, ka kitea ngā whakamahinga o te uku whakarewa i roto i ngā whare tahu para me ngā taputapu tukatuka wera. I roto i ngā whare para-ki-te-pūngao, ka whakakīia ngā oumu me ngā rūma tahu, ka tu atu ki ngā pāmahana o te 1,000°C, neke atu rānei, ā, ka ātete ki te waikura mai i ngā hau paitini me te pungarehu. Ko tōna kaha ki te whakahaere i te ru wera me te kakahu miihini ka whakarite kia haumaru te tukunga o ngā para me te tiaki i te hanganga oumu. I roto i ngā oumu ahumahi mō te maimoatanga wera—pēnei i te whakamahana, te whakapakeke, me te whakamahana—ka whakakīia e te uku whakarewa ngā rūma oumu me ngā huānga whakamahana, ka pupuri i te pāmahana ōrite me te whakarato i tētahi otinga ātete roa.
Ko te mea e tino kitea ai te uku whakarewa i roto i ēnei momo mahi kanorau ko tōna ngāwari ki te urutau. Ka taea te whakaranu ki te wai, ka whakarewahia ki tētahi āhua, ki tētahi rahi rānei, kia pai ai mō ngā taputapu ahumahi nui me ngā wāhanga hanga ritenga. Nā tōna whai huatanga utu, ki te whakatauritea ki ngā rauemi ātete-pai teitei, ka waiho hei whiringa pai mō ngā pakihi e hiahia ana ki te whakataurite i te mahi me te tahua. Ahakoa i roto i te whakarewa, te karāhe, te matū hinu, te sima, te whakahaere para rānei, ka puta he hua ōrite mai i te uku whakarewa, ka whakaiti i ngā mōrearea whakahaere me te whakaiti i ngā utu mō te wā roa.
Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere ahumahi e rapu ana i tētahi otinga ātete pono e tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā taiao pāmahana teitei, ko te uku whakarewa te otinga. Nā te whānuitanga o ngā whakamahinga, me te roa me te ngāwari o te mahi, he mea nui tēnei rauemi mō ngā tukanga ahumahi hou. Hoko mai ki te uku whakarewa i tēnei rā, ā, ka kite koe i te rerekētanga o te mahi, te whai huatanga, me te roa o te ora o āu taputapu nui.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 12-2025
